Geography of Jamaica

Geography of Jamaica Population: 2,847,232 (July 2010 estimate)Capital: KingstonArea: 4,243 square miles (10,991 sq km)Coastline: 635 miles (1,022 km)Highest Point: Blue Mountain Peak at 7,401 feet (2,256 m)Jamaica is an island nation in the West Indies located in the Caribbean Sea. It is south of Cuba and for comparison, it is just under the size of the United States state of Connecticut. Jamaica is 145 miles (234 km) in length and 50 miles (80 km) in width at its widest point. Today, the country is a popular tourist destination and it has a native population of 2.8 million people. History of Jamaica The first inhabitants of Jamaica were the Arawaks from South America. In 1494, Christopher Columbus was the first European to reach and explore the island. Beginning in 1510, Spain began to inhabit the area and by that time, the Arawaks began to die off due to disease and war that came with the European settlers.In 1655, the British arrived in Jamaica and took the island from Spain. Shortly thereafter in 1670, Britain took full formal control of Jamaica.Throughout most of its history, Jamaica was known for its sugar production. In the late 1930s, Jamaica began to gain its independence from Britain and it had its first local elections in 1944. In 1962, Jamaica gained full independence but still remains a member of the British Commonwealth.Following its independence, Jamaicas economy began to grow but in the 1980s, it was hit by a severe recession. Shortly thereafter, however, its economy began to grow and tourism became a popular industry. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, drug traff icking, and the related violence became a problem in Jamaica. Today, Jamaicas economy is still based largely on tourism and the related service sector and it has recently held various free democratic elections. For example, in 2006 Jamaica elected its first female Prime Minister, Portia Simpson Miller.​ Government of Jamaica Jamaicas government is considered a constitutional parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm. It has an executive branch with Queen Elizabeth II as chief of state and a local position of head of state. Jamaica also has a legislative branch with a bicameral Parliament consisting of the Senate and House of Representatives. Jamaicas judicial branch is made up of a Supreme Court, Court of Appeal, Privy Council in the U.K. and the Caribbean Court of Justice.Jamaica is divided  in 14 parishes for local administration. Economy and Land Use in Jamaica Since tourism is a large part of Jamaicas economy, services and the related industries represent a significant portion of the countrys overall economy. Tourism revenues alone account for 20% of Jamaicas gross domestic product. Other industries in Jamaica include bauxite/alumina, agricultural processing, light manufacturing, rum, cement, metal, paper, chemical products and telecommunications. Agriculture is also a big part of Jamaicas economy and its biggest products are sugarcane, bananas, coffee, citrus, yams, ackees, vegetables, poultry, goats, milk, crustaceans, and mollusks. Unemployment is high in Jamaica and as a result, the country has high crime rates and violence related to drug trafficking. Geography of Jamaica Jamaica has a varied topography with rugged mountains, some of which are volcanic, and narrow valleys and a coastal plain. It is located 90 miles (145 km) south of Cuba and 100 miles (161 km) west of Haiti.The climate of Jamaica is tropical and hot and humid on its coast and temperate inland. Kingston, Jamaicas capital has an average July high temperature of 90 °F (32 °C) and a January average low of 66 °F (19 °C). Sources Central Intelligence Agency.  CIA - The World Factbook - Jamaica.  https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/jm.html Infoplease. (n.d.).  Jamaica: History, Geography, Government, and Culture - Infoplease.com.infoplease.com/ipa/A0107662.html United States Department of State. (29 December 2009).  Jamaica.  state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2032.htm

Public Funding for the Arts and Sciences Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Public Funding for the Arts and Sciences - Essay Example The ironic thing is Elmo’s involvement in the whole thing, because if PBS were to end today, it would have very little impact on â€Å"Sesame Street.† â€Å"Sesame Street† and the Sesame Workshop (SW), the non-profit organization that produces it, currently depend very little on public funding. Most of what â€Å"Sesame Street† historian Louise A. Gikow (2009) has called its â€Å"endowment† (p. 268) depends upon other sources like licensing and merchandising sales from â€Å"Sesame Street† toys, DVDs, clothing, and books. â€Å"Sesame Street† dependency on federal funds occurred in its early years, when much of its initial $8 million budget came from the federal government. Early on, however, the SW recognized that if they were to survive past the first two seasons, they would have to raise money from other sources, so they established a â€Å"non-broadcasting† department. They also began producing versions of the show in other countries.

Business decision making Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Business decision making - Essay Example Within the five year period, the number of elite clients has risen from 453 in 2006 to 1124 in 2010. However, there was a sharp in the number of this category of clients in 2007, with the bank recording only 411 Elite clients (Institute of Business and Management, 2012). Additionally, the report shows that the number of Preferred clients has grown by approximately 30 per cent, rising from 3148 in 2006 to 3809 in 2010 (Institute of Business and Management, 2012). This rise has been steady except for the year 2008, which experienced a sharp fall in this category of clients (3148), as compared to the previous year’s 3551. The same trend has occurred in the amount of deposit, where the maximum deposit for the regular clients was 690,354,000 in 2010 (Institute of Business and Management, 2012). The success of the bank has not been on a regular trend though. There has been a mix between the years of success and the drops in terms of deposits. Rating success and failures in terms of income, the final year 2010 indicated success for all the three classes of clients except for a drop in 2007. The remaining years have shown an indicator to financial growth in income, considering that it has been a continuous trend of progressive increase from 2008 to 2010. Comparing each class for every year, regular clients outnumber the rest of the classes, followed by the preferred class and finally the elite class. Perhaps owing to that, the amount of deposit for the regular clients has been the greatest followed by the preferred class and eventually the elites. 1.2. Data Analysis and Summary The table below shows the analysis of the data for all the clients of the bank DM. It shows the average and the mean for all the five years. However, the function for computing modes did not function because none of the values appeared more than once. Table 1: Data Analysis table for the bank DM for performance from 2006 to 2010 (i). From the analysis, it appears that the regular clients are more on average than all other clients, followed by the preferred clients then the elite clients. The deposit balance for the regular clients is also higher than for the categories of clients, followed by the preferred clients then the elite clients in the third rank. The same result is observed for the service income, where the regular clients lead followed by the preferred and finally the elite clients. From this analysis, the most advisable decision Bank DM executive committee can make is to develop marketing strategies for the other two client categories. The strategies can begin from analyzing customer needs concerning the preferred and the client elite accounts. After the analysis, there are two optional actions that the bank can consider. First, there should be a more structured sales promotions program for increasing the performance level of the less performing accounts. The customer satisfaction level can enable the executive committee to improve the qualities of the ac counts. If the sales promotions do not yield the expected outcomes, the next option is to eliminate the accounts from bank and develop a better account product for the preferred and the elite customers. (ii). The second analysis uses measures of dispersion such as variance and standard deviation of the distributions of the numbers for the three banks for all the five years. The measures of dispersion appear in the table below Account Type Number of Accounts Deposit

Health problem in Qatar Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Health problem in Qatar - Essay Example To deal with obesity, there is need to have a multidisciplinary approach to the issue. It needs an intervention of all stakeholders to ensure that there is sanity in the eating and physical activity behavior among the people of Qatar. One of the major ways of mitigating this epidemic in the country is through health education among the people of Qatar. Their eating habits have been made worse by the cultural practices that dictates one have enough to eat while visiting a friend and failure to do so is violating the cultural values. This health education and creation of awareness among the people is fundamental to reducing this problem.Health education can be approached in a number of ways to ensure that all the targeted people are reached early enough before the calamity strikes. To start with is introducing this health education in the educational curriculum of the country. Children from a tender age should have the vital information on health behaviors from their education system. The effects of these unhealthy behaviors should be taught to children while in school at the same time, thought about the best ways of modifying their eating behavior. This has been practiced in quite a number of countries all over the world and has borne fruits with the end result being reduced rates of diabetes among children. For instance, in the United States, there is increased awareness among school going children on the best practices and foods to take over time.

The Turkish Soap Operas Media Essay

The Turkish Soap Operas Media Essay Why do people at the last past years prefer TV shows? Why do people have different thoughts about tv shows? . May be because they are express their daily lives and affecting their behavior. also as they introduce different cultures of different societies., the soap operas and TV series are the most discussed nowadays TV shows People argue about Turkish soap operas that spread nowadays on Arab TV, the aim of that research is the airing of these soap operas and its effects in Arab countries people on the social, religious, tourism and cultural levels, while others disagree with that operas that it causes problems such as women rights and romance in Arab world What is a soap opera? And what is the difference between a soap opera and a traditional TV series? according to Dorothy Anger in her book Other Worlds: Society Seen Through Soap Operas is a long TV series more than hundred of episodes, these TV shows are present culture style , life style , traditions and educational life of the societies, but the traditional TV series are short ones. They do not exceed thirty episodes and they have many details than soap operas. The history of TV series in the Arab world is in relation with the Ramadan series. There are some Arab TV series which like soap operas as layaly elhlmiya that attract the Arab viewers for years at different seasons waiting to know what the next action.. Fadi Ismail says in the article Turkish Soaps Bubbling in the UAE that were trying to see if there are new story lines. This means that people need a new stories that affect their daily life related to their life style and their cultural experience. According to the viewers demands, people responsible for TV shows starts to express new shows that is connected with peoples real life ,Layal Abu Rahal expressed in her article Noor, A Soap Opera to Test The Moral Compass that Arab men were fascinated by the Turkish actress Noor and women were also fans of the Turkish actor moaned. Turkish soap operas and TV shows which began recently to be showed on the Arab TV channels, Ismail says we saw an opportunity in turkey. (Qtd in Abuzeid The opportunity is based on the high percentage of people watching the soap operas and the dramatic story lines as well. It was a hit success when the first Turkish soap opera started showing on Arab TV. Percentage of people watching it started to increase People became addicted to it and even it became a kind of turning point in their own lives. People in Arab world get attached to the characters, events and the new style in the Turkish soap opera. They are affected by their new culture. They are also influenced by the Turkish people. They start search the differences between Turkish society and the enclosed Arab society. People start to express their own opinions, defending their thoughts and ideas. There are positive social effects that appear in the Arab society due to watching Turkish soap operas such as the effect of it on Arab women.. They believe that those Turkish soap operas are the best, as they have things which we dont have in our Arab society. As a result to these soap operas some women recently became aware of their rights. Some women started to look for themselves on the levels of business and financial life, while other took the side of liberal life searching for freedom. In the Turkish soap opera the women appear as model of liberal independent women who have their own career and job, financial freedom and even their own houses far away of their families. They reflect the ideas of Turkish women in freedom in Islamic society. Arab women stated to take Turkish women to encourage themselves never stop fighting for their lives that they believe in. Women in Arab world have the courage to loud her voice as They look at the Turkish women as an example of free women, although they are Muslims living in Islamic society too. Women compare the male characters of Turkish soap operas to their men in Arab society. They are full of love and romance and not harsh in their decisions, Arab women started to compare every thing as female characters and to look over many problems that we lack. On the social level, the Arab women are not the only ones affected by the Turkish soap operas, but the whole family as well. The Arab families watch the two series Noor and Lost Years and notice the family gatherings of Turkish families and they are close to each other. The reason that leads Arab families to compare themselves to Turkish ones Muslim society tooand they much of arab culture. Where family members are living all in one house. These features seem to be a part of their Arab society. Also on the social level, the Turkish society has a liberal view that is not present in the Arab society. The dressing code which Arabs have stress on it. Turkish people wear whatever they wanted with no limits or borders. They looks good and they are fashionable society . Tamiko says in the article Noor, Has a Turkish Soap Opera Fueled Change for Women in the Arab World? that Noor fashion knock-offs were snapped up in boutiques. The Arab people are impressed by this look so they started to take what suits them and live with Turkish style . The latest effect of Turkish characters of soap operas on Arab society is that the statistics refers that the newly born babies named after the stars increased in the Arab world. Tamiko discussed in his article that the number of Arab babies named Noor and Muhanned is doubled. This reflects the major effect of Turkish soap operas on our Arab countries Not all the social effects on Arab society are positive ones. People in Arab society some negatives of the Turkish society. People believe that Turkish society isnt the best but they have also some defects such as There is a lack of segregation between men and women, which dont appear in Arab society traditions. Married women are allowed to have male friends and that is legal and the relation between men and women at work. Another aspect which raises the anger of the Arab world and its against the religion is the allowable informal relationships between male and female. They are allowed to live together without marriage These features dont match our Arab culture and habits. This is refused on the social level not only on the religious level. Also one of the major negative effects is that incites crime. It has been shown in the soap operas. The crime appears to be an ordinary thing to the society according. Respected society figures are kidnapping people in order to fulfill their aims from their enemies many types of crimes such as stealing, drug dealing by high authorities and even the presence of paid assassins.. Abu-Rahal expresses the presence of crimes and threats of kidnapping with a big rate in those soap operas. This means a perfect proof of social disorder. Among the positive social effects of the Turkish soap operas on the Arab society, there are positive cultural effects. They are main methods to introduce a new culture to the Arab society. It is an image of the Turkish society, thoughts, ideas, traditions and habits, They are trying to give the world image about turkey modern civilized country and its fight against all its national and international problems which might be a kind of smartness of the Turkish people.. May be they mean to raise the attention about turkey and give themselves a higher rank in world. . Arab tourism is affected heavily by those soap operas. The number of Arab tourists visiting Turkey is doubled, the number of flights targeting Turkey is doubled The Turkish diplomat Yasin Temizkayn points that the number of Saudi tourists visiting Turkey never increases more than forty thousands, until the soap operas are showed, which raise the number of tourists up to one hundred thousand this year (qtd in Mokhtar). The Arab tourism companies increased the amount of their money invested in Turkey. Increase of air lines in turkey. The ambassador says we used to have only two flights a week from Riyadh to Istanbul, today we have four air bus flights a day and they are all packed. (Qtd in Zawawi) The number of Arab people learning Turkish language increase and the Arab sociologists direct their attention to Turkish society figuring positives and negatives. Despite the hit success of those Turkish soap operas, they appear to be a double edged weapon its a kind of entertainment that targets its damage towards the religious beliefs and moral ideas. It disturbs the peace of the Arabic social and religious. Arab denies the way Turkish people behaving against all the religious and personal ideas. They almost break the major rules of the Islamic religion. People start to ask said in articles how they could have sex without marriage. How that is socially accepted although they are supposed to be an Islamic society? And its said that it is fatal mistakes against whole Arabs. On the other hand, this contradiction causes damaging thoughts and results in the Arab society. That is not the only problem but its wine that became something ordinary and that is reused habit that breaks every rule that put by god against his religion. And negative aspects like adoption of kids to be legal their kids and the abortion all of that which is considered an Isl amic crime, repeated several times in those shows. All these contradictions and fatal mistakes are an evidence are showed on air to be ordinary in that society and confirmed by different social and governmental authorities. Worth by his article assures that when he stresses on the point of drinking, informal relationships and abortion. He discusses briefly the major differences between Arab people and Turkish People. Responsible religious authorities refuse the shows and. religious People start to look at these shows as evil ones spreading immoral and refused ideas,. They try to protect the Arabs society from bad aspects informal relationships, , abortion, drinking ,adoption and independence freedom of women and her dress. voices begin to protest against what was happening in the Arab society addiction of these shows. Mokhtar discusses The grand mufti of Saudi Arabia, Sheik Abdul Aziz Al-Sheik, has condemned Turkish soap operas, which have charmed millions of people across the Arab world, and prohibited people from watching them. Al Sheik was referring exactly to the most two successful shows Noor and Lost Years. Some religious views ban watching these shows and apply certain a legal punishment on the Arabic channels. Worth points that the high cleric of Saudi, Sheik Luhaidan, gave his permission to prosecute the owners of those TV channels. Some take serious decisions banning the shows and stop showing it on Arab TV. Tamiko reflects that point saying Did the viewers listen? Nope the fans of that TV shows increased and even the channels showing it increases private and local. After the discussion of the positive and negative ideas, values of that Turkish tv and its affect on Arab TV channels. some people liked that TV shows and other hated it from the first sight and said its something far from our culture and some people became neutral they like positive aspects and hate negative ones although religious people banned it but it still addicted by people . The question is the Arabic addiction these shows will continue forever? And what are its far consequences? The end statement may be you stay neutral influenced by the culture and benefit from the positive side only and dont look for the negative one.

Paper -- essays research papers

In the 1790s members of the industry in both Paris and London were working on inventions to try to mechanise paper-making. In England John Dickenson produced the cylinder machine that was operational by 1809. Although useful for smaller enterprises, this lacked the large scale potential of the machine resulting from the invention of Nicholas-Louis Robert in Paris, which had a more complicated incubation period. The last of the early improvements to this machine were financed by the Fourdrinier brothers in London, and it was after these brothers that the machine was named. The Fourdrinier could produce paper of virtually any size for the very first time, limited only by the width of the continuous wire mesh upon which the paper was made. It has been estimated that this machine could produce 40,680 14"x 18" sheets in 12 hours - the production equivalent of 8 hand-operated vats - thus reducing the price of some papers by about two-thirds. A watershed had been reached which le d to a rapid increase in other mechanical developments and improvements.The change-over to new technologies was, however, gradual. A few mills using the old hand-made methods continued to function until relatively recently. One mill, Wookey Hole in Somerset, still operates on a small scale but this is largely for tourist purposes. This is slightly counterbalanced by one or two new hand-operated mills that have opened in recent years.The scarcity of paper-making materials had been a problem from th...

Native American Paper Essay

In the pre-Columbian era when the Europeans had not yet discovered the â€Å"New World† there lived many distinct but also similar tribes that ruled all across. Many tribes existed during this era of prosperity for the Native Americans. A few of the main tribes of it are the Cherokee, Iroquois, Navajo, and Sioux who were all special in their own way. Firstly, the Cherokee were made up of seven clans with which each had a different purpose and job. The names and jobs of all the tribes in English are Long Hair which sends the Peace Chief, Blue who is the oldest; Wolf to protect clans, Wild Potato is the keeper of the land (gatherers), Deer is the fastest runners and hunters, Bird sends messengers, and lastly Paint are the medicine people. The belief system for the Cherokee was that good is rewarded and evil is punished. One main object they used was river cane making and using it for multiple purposes. The Trail of Tears was an important part of the Cherokee past since they used it to move to a different territory. (Information for the Cherokee Paragraph: Secondly, the Iroquois were consisted up of a small amount of tribes such as Cayuga, Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Seneca, and Tuscarora. The main Iroquois considered themselves to be a superior people which lowered their numbers as time went by. One more reason the numbers went down was because they joined the British during the Revolutionary War. The belief of the Iroquois was that they should not kill each other and a sense of internal unity. The way the Iroquois survived was through a political system. (Information for the Iroquois Paragraph:? http://www. tolatsga. org/iro. html).